Yves Saint Laurent Opium Neon Black Eau De Parfum Spray For Women 75 ml

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Description of the Culture of the White Poppy and Preparation of Opium, as Practised in the Province of Bahar". The Asiatic Journal and Monthly Miscellany. Vol.3. Wm. H. Allen & Company. 1817 . Retrieved May 31, 2022. Musto, David F. The American Disease: Origins of Narcotic Control. New York: Oxford University Press, 1987. Morewood, Samuel (1838). A philosophical and statistical history of the inventions and customs of ancient and modern nations in the manufacture and use of inebriating liquors; with the present practice of distillation in all its varieties: together with an extensive illustration of the consumption and effects of opium, and other stimulants used in the East, as substitutes for wine and spirits. Dublin, W. Curry and W. Carson. Hayatbakhsh M, Oghabian Z, Conlon E, Nakhaee S, Amirabadizadeh A, Zahedi M, et al. Lead poisoning among opium users in Iran: an emerging health hazard. Substance Abuse Treatment, Prevention, and Policy. 2017;12(43).

E. Guerra Doce (January 1, 2006). "Evidencias del consumo de drogas en Europa durante la Prehistoria". Trastornos Adictivos (in Spanish). 8 (1): 53–61. doi: 10.1016/S1575-0973(06)75106-6. Archived from the original on May 15, 2008 . Retrieved May 10, 2007. (includes image) Between 400 and 1200 CE, Arab traders introduced opium to China, and to India by 700. [19] [1] [12] [20] The physician Muhammad ibn Zakariya al-Razi of Persian origin ("Rhazes", 845–930 CE) maintained a laboratory and school in Baghdad, and was a student and critic of Galen; he made use of opium in anesthesia and recommended its use for the treatment of melancholy in Fi ma-la-yahdara al-tabib, "In the Absence of a Physician", a home medical manual directed toward ordinary citizens for self-treatment if a doctor was not available. [21] [22] During the Communist era in Eastern Europe, poppy stalks sold in bundles by farmers were processed by users with household chemicals to make kompot (" Polish heroin"), and poppy seeds were used to produce koknar, an opiate. [99] Obsolescence [ edit ] Apothecary vessel for storage of opium as a pharmaceutical, Germany, 18th or 19th century Abu Bakr Muhammad ibn Zakariya al-Razi (841–926)". Saudi Aramco World. January 2002 . Retrieved January 12, 2008. Julius Berendes (1902). "De Materia Medica" (in German). Archived from the original on February 8, 2007 . Retrieved May 10, 2007.Opium Factories of Bihar – Bihargatha". Bihargatha.in. Archived from the original on September 10, 2011 . Retrieved October 7, 2011. Nye, Gideon (1873). The morning of my life in China: comprising an outline of the history of foreign intercourse from the last year of the regime of honorable East India Company, 1833, to the imprisonment of the foreign community in 1839.

Opium timeline". The Golden Triangle. Archived from the original on April 20, 2009 . Retrieved September 13, 2009. The production methods have not significantly changed since ancient times. Through selective breeding of the Papaver somniferum plant, the content of the phenanthrene alkaloids morphine, codeine, and to a lesser extent thebaine has been greatly increased. In modern times, much of the thebaine, which often serves as the raw material for the synthesis for oxycodone, hydrocodone, hydromorphone, and other semisynthetic opiates, originates from extracting Papaver orientale or Papaver bracteatum. This section needs to be updated. Please help update this article to reflect recent events or newly available information. ( October 2022)

Some opium has been found to be contaminated with lead. The source of lead in opium is still unclear, possibly due to contamination from equipment used to process the opium, intentional adulteration of opium with lead to increase its weight, or from growing opium poppies in contaminated soil. 9, 10 Carstairs C. (2006). "Jailed for Possession: Illegal Drug Use, Regulation, and Power in Canada, 1920–61". Archived from the original on January 25, 2003. UNODC – Bulletin on Narcotics – 1950 Issue 3 – 003". United Nations: Office on Drugs and Crime . Retrieved May 5, 2021.

Alfred W. McCoy (1972). "The politics of heroin in Southeast Asia". Archived from the original on October 7, 2007 . Retrieved September 24, 2007. Dikötter, Frank, Lars Laamann, and Zhou Xun. Narcotic culture: a history of drugs in China Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2004. a b Commissioner Jesse B. Cook (June 1931). "San Francisco's Old Chinatown". San Francisco Police and Peace Officers' Journal . Retrieved September 22, 2007.Join the Daily Record's WhatsApp community here and get the latest news sent straight to your messages.